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     This is in regards to the Pulp characters presence in an alternate history version of Paris, in November 1921 ... the situation elsewhere may be very different. We have a page for early 1930s Paris ... note that prices increase by 65% between November of 1921 and November of 1932.

     The Great War has continued; between the War and the Spanish Influenza, the population of France has declined notably from its 1914 level.

Currency Conversion

     In November of 1921, £1 equals:

• 80 Greek drachma (thus $1 = 22 drachma)
  

• 3.64 American dollars
  

• 88 Italian lira (thus $1 = 24 lira)
  

• 51 French francs (thus $1 = 14 francs)

• 200 German marks (thus $1 = 53 marks) ... this is very uncertain in the alternate history scenario we've found ourselves in, where there has been rampant inflation in Germany, and the Ottoman Lira has seen drastic devaluation.

   

Wages and Taxes in France

     The minimum wage in France is 7.7 francs per day, with a "war bonus" of 3 francs per day at that level. Minimum wage for women workers is 6 francs per day, with a 2 franc war bonus. A night watchman earns 12 francs per night (7 nights a week), with about a 1 franc war bonus each day. Daily wages (8 hours) of skilled workers in the building trades are 18 to 24 francs (no war bonus at this level), or about 100 francs per week (5.5 days). A generic factory worker in 1925 earned 112 fr 50 c per week.

     We haven't looked into incomes in detail yet, but the wage of an American general practitioner (M.D.) in 1921 was the equivalent of 1250 francs per week. I suspect French g.p.s earned a bit less than that ... say 1000 francs per week, at a guess.

     France has had an income tax in place since 1916, which applies to earnings of more than 5000 francs per year, but the rates are low for all but a small minority of French citizens, there are many deductions, and the reporting and collection process is very inefficient; the main tax burdens are on businesses and real estate, along with a 2% sales tax on every transaction (plus other sales taxes, including 10% on luxury goods -- probably including personal purchases of gold and jewelry). Food is exempt from the sales tax, but beverages are not.

Rationing in France

     Meat, sugar, and most dairy products are rationed -- you can only purchase so many grams per week. Some examples:

• bread:  100 grams per day. Note that specialty breads and brioches may not be sold.
  

• potatoes:  135 grams per day
  

• cheese:  6 grams per day; the allocation is 32 grams if you register as a vegetarian (and get no meat)
  

• eggs:  1 fresh egg per week

     There is also rationing on some other goods:  timber, paper (including books), soap, rubber and petrol, shoes and leather goods, for example.

     Travelers arriving are issued several ration books (one each for meat, cheese, eggs, etc.), and the passport is stamped to show the issue date, type, etc. of ration books. Foreigners must turn in their ration books when they leave the country. Here's a bread ration book for June of 1921:

     All of the combatant nations in Europe have similar rationing schemes, price controls, etc.

Currency Restrictions

     Technically, France remains on the gold standard; but French gold coins are almost never available from banks (there's a deliberately frustrating system of permits and restrictions). People traveling outside of France may take up to 500 francs worth of gold coins, and 500 francs worth of silver coins; punishment for a first violation of this regulation is confiscation of the offending bullion or coinage, a fine equal in value to the confiscated items, and a six day prison sentence.

     In March of 1919, the United Kingdom began restricting gold exports. The British government has used patriotic appeals and procedural obstacles to frustrate gold hoarders. Travelers may take a limited amount of gold to anywhere in the Empire, or to nations that reciprocate with gold exports in trade with the UK. I don't know the amount of the personal restriction, but (based on the early-Thirties restriction), it's likely £75. The UK doesn't restrict silver.

     The annual income tax rate in the UK runs from 8% (for persons earning over £10,000 per year), to a top rate of 30%, along with war profits taxes, super taxes, etc. that are unlikely to affect player-characters.

Minor Equipment and Services

• sturdy no-frills bicycle     350 fr (note that rubber tires are rationed)
  

• sturdy bicycle with just about every likely accessory      420 fr (note that rubber tires are rationed)
  

• basic x8 binoculars, with leather case      168 fr
  

• single "D" battery cell     1 fr 40 c
  

• shotgun shell belt, capacity 24 shells, leather or webbing      25 fr
  

• leather rifle cartridge pouches, 10 round capacity      21 fr
  

• sword stick (cane)      168 fr

• steel-framed "shikar" canvas backpack, rubberized lining      70 fr
  

• bowie knife, 8" or 10" blade, with sheath      42 fr
  

• camp knife, with two blades, cork screw, button hook, etc., etc.      40 fr
  

• folding jack knife, with spear and pen blades      14 fr

• flashlight, small     8 fr

• razor, Gillette     14 fr

• banjolele      40 fr

• umbrellas      14 fr cheap, 35 fr ordinary, 55 fr best

• pack of Gaulois Bleu cigarettes     2 fr 50 c

• a daily Parisian newspaper     25 c (including tax)

• a ride on the Metro in Paris, second class, typically     50 c (first class is 1 fr) ... some estimating is going on here

• a taxi ride     flag drop is 1 fr 20 c, plus 2 fr to 5 fr, plus at least 10% tip (more if you don't want the cabbie to yell at you)
  

• dry cleaning, men’s suit     17 fr

• cleaning and pressing a whole wardrobe     14 fr per week

• haircut and shave, men     3 fr
  

• cost of haircuts and shaving, 14 fr per week (presuming you shave yourself sometimes) for middle-class types
  

• basic bread, 1 kilogram     1 fr 58 c

• visa fee (registry with the police)     2 fr 40 c

• I don't know the details, but apparently if foreigners stay for some amount of time ... more than a week, a month? ... you have to register, and then pay again when you leave. If you don't have the visa stamp in your passport, your hotel manager or the police will notice.
  

   

Adventurer Clothing

• light grey sweat shirt, fleece lined      14 fr
  

• khaki running shorts     7 fr
  

• anorak or parka     25 fr

• fisherman's guernsey sweater     80 fr (but normally are home-made)

• RAF / submarine / trawler sweater; super large, big roll collar, white or beige         100 fr
  

• flying boots, nearly knee length, zip front, rubber soles & heels, sheep's-wool lined      75 fr (note that shoes and boots are rationed)
  

• leather flying suits, button-up front, map pocket; all-wool fleece lining, fitted beaver lamb fur collar      150 fr
  

• gabardine flying suits, button-up front, map pocket, fleece lined, beaver lamb fur collar      100 fr
  

• money belt, with one bill-sized and two smaller pockets     15 fr
  

• flying goggles, rubber eye-cups, adjustable nose, safety lenses     30 fr
  

• flying helmets, perfect fitting, chamois lined      30 fr
  

• "speaking tube" ear-phones (non-electric intercom)      19 fr
  

• silk undergloves      5 fr
  

• short sheep's-wool lined overboots to wear with flying suits, pair      30 fr (note that shoes and boots are rationed)
  

• oiled slicker, for fishermen, railwaymen, truckers; double thickness, knit cuffs, two large pockets, high collar w/flannel facing     38 fr
  

• boots or galoshes, rubber, pair     14 fr (note that shoes and boots are rationed)

• boiler suit, heavy-duty, button-up front     18 fr

• "siren suit", oversized to wear over clothing; some have zip front, some have a back-flap     10 fr

• gas masks for civilians, of a simple design, can be obtained for free (though you will need to turn them in)     

   

A Complete Adventurer

     700 francs will set up the equivalent of "soldier's clothing" for a temperate climate, along with a rucksack, mess gear, canteen, camp knife, etc.. Add 200 francs if you want to explore Canada, Siberia, Scandinavia, etc. in the winter.

     200 francs can purchase a handgun; 500 or so francs, a double-barrel shotgun or modern bolt-action military rifle; 1000 francs or more for an express rifle. Selection is limited, and of course German, Austrian, and Belgian weapons no longer come from the factories.

     There are no legal restrictions on French citizens owning firearms (including machine guns), except that no weapon chambered in 8mm Lebel or 8mm Ordnance (the standard rifle and pistol cartridges) may be sold (and no ammunition is sold in those calibers either). It's possible there are restrictions on non-citizens purchasing guns.

     Gun stores will only have pre-War guns (or some captured Central Powers weapons) for sale, and the supply of ammunition will be limited. Shotgun shells are the most easily available cartridges. "Big game" rifles will be reasonably available.

Men's Clothing

     Note that prices are data points from multiple sources, not always with enough information as to quality. This should give an idea of the range of prices, especially for middle-class clothing. Sales tax (2%) and luxury tax (on the very highest-priced items) is NOT included.

• suits

• suit, 2-pc, wool, farmer or lower class best for church; black, gray or brown typically     40 fr

• suit, 3-pc, minor office worker     60 fr

• suit, 2-pc, hunting or hiking, corduroy     100 fr

• suit, 2-pc, middle-class    273 fr to 413 fr

• suit, 2-pc, medium weight unfinished wool worsted; with detachable fabric belt    280 fr
  

• suit, 2-pc, wool, 322 fr to 350 fr
  

• suit, 2-pc, cashmere blue wool     315 fr

• suit, 3-pc, cashmere brown wool     329 fr

• suit, 3-pc, extra-heavy serge wool, various colors     390 fr

• suit, 3-pc, fall weight        385 fr to 672

• suit, tuxedo, basic level (equivalent to rental wear in the 22nd Century)     500 fr

• suit, 2-pc, summer formal (regular coat or blazer and tie, striped flannel pants, white socks and white or black-and-white shoes)    500 fr

• suit, 3-pc, wool, most expensive off-the-rack or catalog sales    700 fr
  

• suit, 3-pc silk lined wool (Hart Shaffner & Marx -- pretty much the best American off-the-rack suits, with a small amount of tailoring)     700 fr

• suit, 3-pc flannel, custom tailored, all of the best cut and material     1400 fr

• suit, formal, custom tailored tuxedo or dinner jacket etc.; good enough for most occasions     1000 fr
  

• suit, formal dinner (cutaway jacket, pique vest, dress shirt, shirtfront, studs and buttons, pique tie, formal pants, patent leather shoes); custom tailored and all of the best cut and material, suitable for the most rarefied company   4000 fr ... probably subject to luxury tax
  

• coats

• cheap rain coat, black or blue     40 fr

• donkey jacket (workman's coat), no lapels, 2 patch pockets, unlined melton wool, with leather shoulders     100 fr
  

• coat, rubberized - mustard, olive or black    100 fr
  

• overcoat, medium weight melton wool chesterfield    150 fr

• double-breasted  all-season coat (manteau), at Au Bon Marché     183 fr

• short wool top coat (paletot), at Au Bon Marché     159 fr

• velvet-trimmed double-breasted morning coat ("Lord Pembroke" pardessus), at Au Bon Marché     393 fr

• belted travel coat in Scottish wool, "Le Northcliff", at Au Bon Marché     193 fr   

• trench coat     250 fr

• trench coat, gabardine wool, at Au Bon Marché     593 fr

• coat, lined, gray or light blue cashmere wool     280 fr

• coat, fall weight wool   400 fr

• raccoon or fur coat    2000 fr to 3000 fr ... probably subject to luxury tax
  

• pants

• plus-fours, linen        45 fr
  

• plus-fours, wool plaid hiking or golf pants    56 fr

• pants, corduroy, with belt loops and suspender buttons, brown, very durable     70 fr

• pants, denim laborer's, in blue, black or striped     84 fr

• shirts and ties

• shirt, cotton chambray laborer's, blue or gray     6 fr

• ordinary collared or collarless shirt for business suits   14 fr to 30 fr

• shirt, flannel, nice -- brown, tan or green check    70 fr
  

• sport’s blouse, wool    70 fr

• shirt, silk     70 fr
  

• collars, Arrow, pack of six     14 fr

• tie, four-in-hand or bow tie    6 fr to 24 fr

• necktie, silk    8 fr to 32 fr
  

• footwear (note that footwear is subject to rationing and some other taxes)

• shoes, oxford, cheap     28 fr

• work shoes, leather, two soles     62 fr
  

• shoes, leather dress       68 fr
  

• shoes, brogues     70 fr
  

• shoes, oxford   83 fr to 111 fr
  

• headgear

• fedora, fur felt; typical colors olive, dark brown, or black     30 to 42 fr
  

• golf cap, herringbone wool and cotton blend     18 fr
  

• laborer's or workman's cap or beret     6 fr

• cheap men's wool felt hat (fedora, etc.)     12 fr

• top hat, at Au Bon Marché     80 fr ... probably subject to luxury tax
  

• vest, cheap workman's knit wool     6 fr

• vest, or waistcoat, at Au Bon Marché     39 fr to 73 fr
  

• sweater vest, Fair Isle - became very popular in 1921     60 fr
  

• sweater, pullover, wool, crew neck or V-neck     55 fr

• sweater, pullover, heavy weight wool, collared, two-tone (brown w/green trim, red w/wgite trim, blue-gray with mustard trim)    84 fr
  

• sweater, cardigan     40 fr

• gloves, riding, tan or black leather, wool lined or unlined, at Au Bon Marché     29 fr

• scarf, silk, plain or knit at Au Bon Marché     14.50 fr
  

• handkerchief     3 fr 50 c

• linen handkerchief at Au Bon Marché     7.90 fr

Women’s Clothing

     Note that prices are data points from multiple sources, not always with enough information as to quality. This should give an idea of the range of prices, especially for middle-class clothing.

• skirts

• skirt, wool, cheap    50 fr to 70 fr
  

• skirt, wool    55 fr
  

• skirt, wrap, wool check, good for sport and dancing, brown & tan or black & white    55 fr
  

• skirt, silk taffeta     84 fr

• skirt    100 fr to 300 fr
  

• skirt, wool    100 fr to 300 fr
  

• coat and straight skirt, serge wool, blue or black    265 fr
  

• coat and skirt, wool velour     40 fr

• blouses and tops

• blouse, cheap flannel, crepe or pongee    14 fr to 55 fr

• blouse, middy     28 fr
  

• blouse, slip-on knit artificial silk sweater, with sash     70 fr

• blouse, georgette crepe silk, sailor collar     100 fr
  

• dresses

• dress, rural farm woman's best outfit     22 fr
  

• dress. lower class woman's best outfit     35 fr

• dress, broadcloth, simple, practical and warm, unfashionable middle class, wine or navy    65 fr

• dress, voile, with sash belt, large collar, in blue & white, rose & white, or lavender & white     50 fr

• dress, sheer voile; slip-on     68 fr

• dress, cheap wool, catalog    100 fr
  

• dress, not so cheap, from catalog     112 fr to 225 fr

• dress, pink organdie cotton    100 fr

• dress, velveteen, in brown w/burnt, wine w/black, navy w/copenhagen blue     110 fr

• dress, silk charmeuse, blue or brown     125 fr

• dress, rayon crepe     125 fr

• dress, rayon chenille crepe     140 fr

• dress, silk mixed crepe     140 fr

• dress, Jowey Blansley     150 fr

• dress, silk crepe     150 fr

• dress and cape, wool homespun tweed, in dark red, dark gray, and other solid colors      180 fr

• dress, canton crepe     210 fr

• dress, satin, green silk crepe     220 fr

• dress, silk georgette with Spanish lace, and Japanese silk slip     250 fr

• frock, silk     200 fr to 600 fr

• dress, summer at Au Bon Marché     290 fr, 490 fr, 545 fr

• dress, tailored (two the same pattern at this price)     700 fr ... possibly subject to the luxury tax
  

• pant suit, 2-pc, navy serge     125 fr

• riding suit, 2-pc, cotton khaki (belted coat, breeches)    200 fr
  

• coats

• coat, spring, undergraduate, wool blend     70 fr
  

• coat, wool blend velour, black, navy, or brown     88 fr

• coat, winter, undergraduate, wool blend    112 fr to 168 fr

• coat, tweed plaid    190 fr

• coat, natural raccoon trim     230 fr

• coat, wool summer, fancy with silk lining    370 fr
  

• coat, suede velour, with fur collar, in brown, blue or tan    364 fr
  

• coat, fall (Ravenna, Velour, Polyanna, and other mixed linen or cotton fabrics)     420 fr
  

• coat, most expensive "off the rack"    550 fr, sale price 410 fr
  

• coat, fur-trimmed winter wool, custom tailored, expensive    1500 fr ... subject to the luxury tax
  

• sweater, lightweight wool    30 fr

• sweater  “tuxedo” style, worsted wool     82 fr

• sweater, Zepher (blend of merino wool and silk) yarn    84 fr
  

• nightclothes and underwear

• robe, wool flannel     55 fr
  

• union suit, tight fleece, short sleeves and legs, button flap     14 fr
  

• nightgown     8 fr
  

• pajama suit, silk, rayon or cotton; red and black are fashionable colors    7 fr to 14 fr
  

• smock     13 fr

• shirtwaist, voile        13 fr
  

• vest     3 fr 50 c

• step-in chemise, silk or rayon   6 fr
  

• slip    8 fr
  

• brassiere    5 fr
  

• girdle or corselet    14 fr
  

• stockings, silk or rayon, pair    11 fr
  

• garters, pair    1 fr
  

• drawers or bloomers, sateen (double sewn)    14 fr

• dressing gown or robe, at Au Bon Marché       19 fr to 35 fr

• pyjamas pour dames, at  Au Bon Marché     15 fr to 37 fr

• sleeping chemise, at Au Bon Marché     13 fr to 28 fr

• slips, step-in chemises, at Au Bon Marché     8.50 fr to 22 fr

• footwear (subject to rationing)

• shoes, fall, inexpensive   50 fr to 70 fr

• shoes, French heel oxford    100 fr

• boots, mid-calf, kid leather, black or dark brown     75 fr
  

• slippers, bedroom    12 fr
  

• hat

• hat, rural farmwife's church     11 fr
  

• hat, lower class church     16 fr

• hat, trimmed    29 fr
  

• tam o'shanter     21 fr

• turban, silk taffeta, with tassel     60 fr
  

• hat, cloche (replace every 2 months)   14 fr

• hat, black satin cloche, at Au Bon Marché     20 fr

• hat, otter-fur trimmed winter toque, at Au Bon Marché     28 fr

• pocketbook, cheap   14 fr

• handbag    14 fr
  

• purse, leather    28 fr to 70 fr
  

• purse    3 fr 50 c to 350 fr
  

• scarf, silk     3 fr 50 c
  

• gloves, pair     12 fr

• vanity, leather with mirror, coin purse and makeup fittings     33 fr

   

Cost of Wardrobe

Lower Class

     The employed urban poor (sewer workers, dishwashers, bus boys, house maids, janitors, street-sweepers, etc.), or rural/agricultural laborers. Not a lot of data on specifics, but cheap, perhaps used or somewhat worn-out. A sufficient set of clothes for travel might cost $15, or 210 francs, or £4 new, at a guess; used items, purchased at a second-hand store or pawnshop, are two-thirds that cost (if they're still in good condition).

     Once they have ineradicable stains, holes and rips, the cost of a set of vagabond or tramp's clothes might be 30 fr to 50 francs.

Lower Middle Class

     Credit Rating at least 15% (base for player-characters in Call of Cthulhu 5th Edition).

• “A woman entering the working world on a salary of $80 per month -- a typist in a major American city, for example -- might possess:  3 hats, winter coat, 4 dresses, smock, 4 vests, 4 pairs panties, 2 slips, 3 brassieres, nightgown, 1 pair of bedroom slippers, 2 girdles, 4 pairs of shoes, rubber boots, 15 pairs of stockings, 2 pairs of garters, 12 handkerchiefs, 2 pairs of gloves, pocketbook, umbrella …. nothing fancy, costing total $76.55”

• call it lower middle-class, 1000 francs or £20 in late 1921. For travel, perhaps 500 francs or £10 (since not everything has to be taken).

• her salary is the equivalent of 261 francs per week ... very good in France (which is why American tourists appreciated the cheap life in Paris).
  

• A male lower-middle class tourist would have a hat, raincoat, 2 cheap suits, 4 sets of soft-collar shirts, socks, undershirts and undershorts, a couple of handkerchiefs, a couple of neckties, a sturdy pair of shoes, one pair of pajamas, a belt or suspenders, gloves and scarf in winter, plain slippers, and a billfold. Total cost about $36 in 1921, or 500 francs, or £10. This is just his travel items, not his whole wardrobe, which might amount to 1000 francs or £20.

• Someone dressing as a locomotive driver, auto mechanic etc. might be wearing a union suit, boiler suit, donkey jacket, heavy wool socks, heavy work boots or rubber galoshes, a cap or beret, sturdy leather gloves or gauntlets, and a cotton handkerchief. Total cost $16.50, or 230 francs, or £2; a bit less if purchased used. This is just one outfit, not a complete wardrobe. Note that the work boots are about a third of the cost -- player-characters will probably not want to scrimp on those.
  

   

Middle Class

     Credit Rating at least 30%

• I don't have a good example yet for a middle class woman, but at a guess twice the cost of lower-middle class:  $150, or 2000 francs, or £40, for her wardrobe. When traveling, her wardrobe might come to 1000 francs, or £20.

• “An ordinary businessman will have a felt hat (homburg, carlsbad, or fedora), a straw hat (boater, panama, or fedora -- for spring and summer), a cap (newsboy or walking cap), an overcoat, a raincoat, a pullover sweater, a tuxedo suit, a black tuxedo vest, a formal dress shirt, a black bow tie, 3 mens’s business suits, a pair of flannel trousers (grey or light colors for summer), a pair of dress shoes, 2 pairs of business shoes, 8 shirts with collar attached, 8 four-in-hand or bow neck ties, 4 pairs of black rayon or silk socks, 6 pairs black cotton lisle socks, 4 undershirts, 4 pairs of shorts or union suits (to suit for summer or winter), a pair of house slippers, a flannel bathrobe, 4 pairs of cotton pajamas, 12 cotton or silk handkerchiefs, a pair of gloves, a belt, 2 pairs of suspenders, 2 pairs of garters, and a billfold. The whole wardrobe is $160."

• call it 2200 francs or £44 in late 1921. For travel, about 1000 francs or £20 (not everything needs to be taken).

Upper-Middle Class

     Credit Rating at least 40%.

     I don't have enough information to provide detailed wardrobe choices; but for prominent doctors, minor diplomats, the gentry, etc. we can probably guess the price of a traveling wardrobe is at least $350, or 5,000 francs or £100. They have outfits for balls, golf, tennis, yachting, etc., most of it custom-tailored.

     From their 1921 catalog prices, I think that Au Bon Marché counts as "upper-middle class", though they can also outfit middle class persons.

Upper Class

     Credit Rating at least 60%

• “A well-dressed fashionable young lady will have a $150 coat, a $25 blouse, a $30 skirt, a $20 handbag, $4.50 stockings, a $5 flower clip, a $10 pearl necklace, an $8.50 pair of gloves, an $18.50 pair of shoes … costing total $356.50"

• that's for one outfit! Her traveling outfit (four times the cost of one outfit) might be worth $1500; call it 20,000 francs or £410. Very much the upper class. This will attract the 10% tax on luxury goods, by the way.
  

• I suspect an upper-class man with even a minimal fashion sense may have $1800 worth of traveling clothing and accessories:  25,000 francs, or £500

   

Soldier

• An ordinary American, French or British enlisted soldier will wear a heavy wool overcoat ($15), cotton shirt ($3), wool breeches ($4.50) and tunic ($4.50), puttees ($0.95), trench shoes ($5), wool socks ($0.25), and a hat or garrison cap ($1.75), various insignia ($1), belt or suspenders ($1), and undershirt and shorts ($1). Total cost $38, or 532 francs, or £10 8s 9-1/2p. This is not all of a soldier's gear or clothing, just one outfit for going on leave. Prices are for new or unused items.

Shopping in Paris

     These are the major department stores; they have the best prices and selection for fashionable off-the-rack middle-class and some upper-class clothing.

• Au Bon Marché - 24 rue de Sevres

• Bazar de l’Hôtel de Ville - 36 rue de la Verrerie

• Au Printemps -  closed due to fire damage - 64 boulevard Haussmann

• Galeries Lafayette - also retailer for Chanel clothing - 40 boulevard Haussmann

     Chanel’s shop is at 31 rue Cambon; they sell perfumes, expensive ladies’ hats and sportswear. Perfumes cost 30 fr for 1/2 ounce, 40 fr for 7/8 ounce, 150 fr for 3-1/2 ounces; versions are No. 5 (introduced May of 1921), No. 11, No. 20, No. 21, No. 27, No. 55 (all introduced since May of 1921).

Hemingway, 1922

     https://books.google.com/books?id=iyCMAwAAQBAJ&pg=PT1644&lpg=PT1644&dq=paris+metro+fare+1922&source=bl&ots=xBvq6AFItg&sig=G0OJbEQeWFnpWsZWFvqlbpIYAds&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi9qZOriZvVAhXIwiYKHXPZChkQ6AEITTAG#v=onepage&q=paris%20metro%20fare%201922&f=false

Encyclopedia Britannica 1922 on Paris

     https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1922_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Paris