Notes on 1930 Nevada
Nevada has 91,058 residents (per the 1930 U.S. census), and about 32,000 voters -- women have had the vote in Nevada since 1914. Nevada's city populations are: Reno, 18,529; Las Vegas, 5,165; Sparks, 4,508; Elko, 3,217; Ely, 3,045, Carson City 1,600. Thus the Reno-Sparks area (the towns are five miles apart) has a quarter of the state population; these six towns together hold 40% of the population.
The legislature meets every odd-numbered year, in January, for (usually) 60 days. There are 21 members of the state Senate, and 42 members of the state Assembly. Nevada’s sole Congressional seat is up for election in the Fall of 1930; no U.S. Senators are being elected for Nevada in 1930; or for Governor. Nevada adopted initiative, referendum, and recall measures early in the century.
All of Nevada’s prohibition laws were repealed in 1923; saloons and other liquor establishments operate openly and essentially legally (Nevada’s law enforcement officers refuse to cooperate with Federal prohibition agents). Gambling is fully legalized in Nevada in 1931 (presumable during the January legislative session). Divorce residency time reduced to 6 weeks 1931 (presumably at the same time)
Much national press attention to this: “Nevada’s Infamy” .. “Nevada Opens Up” ... “Nevada Goes Whoopee” ... “Nevada is tired of cactus, alkali wastes, sparse population, hard times -- and virtues” ... Presbyterian ministers of California adopted a resolution expressing their “extreme embarrassment and hot indignation at the legalized vice and disgraceful divorce laws.” There were suggestions (in the Chicago Tribune, for instance) of cancelling Nevada’s statehood, or excluding her 2 Senators and 1 Congressman from Congress. Nothing came of this, of course ...
In 1928, the Pittsburgh Press wrote: “Two thousand matrimonial invalids now crowd (Reno) waiting for new, quick divorces, spending over $5,000,000 a year and bringing the state of Nevada the biggest boom it has known since Gold Rush days.” That was when Nevada had a six month residency requirement, changed to 3 months in 1929 (and changing to six weeks in January 1931). Judge “Judgie” Bartlett was one of the prime movers of the 1931 reduction; he also succeeded in having the requirement of ‘charges’ being dropped from divorce cases. Neil West’s T-H Ranch, the Monte Cristo Ranch, Pyramid Lake Guest Ranch, and the Olds Ranch (all clustered around Pyramid Lake) were popular places for people staying during their residency period. In 1931, after the new divorce law, there are 4800 ‘out of state’ divorces granted in Nevada; many new dude ranches, cabin court motels, etc. spring up to accomodate this increase.
The Reno Evening Gazette is the state’s largest newspaper. Other papers of note: the Nevada State Journal (edited and published by Col. Scrugham; the paper cost him $100,000 when he purchased it in 1922), the Las Vegas Age, the Carson City News (published by Clay Morrison), and the Carson City Morning Appeal. KOH and KGNV (owned by Clay Morrison) are the only commercial radio stations in the state.
Currently Nevada’s most prosperous mine is the Kennecott copper mine, near Ely (eastern Nevada, nowhere near Carson City).
Nevada has been experiencing a drought since 1926.
The State Fair is held at Reno, in early September. October 31 is “Nevada Day” ...
Carson City
Carson City, the capitol of Nevada, is the largest town in Ormsby County -- and literally the only town in Ormsby County. The county runs from the shore of Lake Tahoe, over the mountains to the city, and runs out a few more miles into the desert. Just under 1,000 votes were cast in the 1930 election within the county, so the entire population is about 4,000 (based on Denver, Colorado stats from the same period). The city itself has a population of less than 2,000 (based on its not being included in the list of American cities with populations of 2,000 or more in 1930) -- say 1,600. This would translate to 400 or 500 voters (roughly equal to the number of families in town).
The state prison here has about 240 inmates, and probably 30 guards and staff; families of the guards and staff make up another 90 persons. The prison contains the state’s gas chamber (only the second in the U.S.). The capitol building, state Supreme Court, district court, archives and state library, state printing office, and governor's home (salary $7,000 p.a., term 4 years) probably employ another 100 persons year round, with 300 family members. The legislature only meets for 60 days every two years (next in January of 1931); the state budget for 1930 is about $3,000,000, with a debt of nearly $1,000,000. Thus at least a quarter of the households in Carson City depend on government payroll.
Ormsby House, the largest hotel (and casino) in town, is the home of many of Nevada's legislators when they show up for the 60 day session. It fronts on the plaza, across from the capitol, state court building, state library, U.S. mint, etc. -- quite an impressive display of Neoclassical architecture. The Carson City Opera House is a huge wooden structure; moving pictures are exhibited there. For some reason, the Governor’s Mansion is about half a mile south of town.
The Nevada State Orphan’s Home is on Prison Road, just outside of town; so is the Warm Springs Hotel. Other nice (but small) hotels in town include the Exchange Hotel, and the Arlington Hotel. The “Old Corner Bar” is Carson City’s other notable gambling-spot. The newspaper, railroad, hotels, and a couple of (mostly played-out) silver mines and refineries make up the largest employers after the state government; say, another quarter of the city's households. The rest work as grocers, tailors, telephone operators, plumbers, etc.
The Fraternal Order of Eagles (Aerie 1006) has served Carson City since 1905. There is also a Masonic Lodge, and an Odd Fellows.
The Virginia and Truckee Railroad serves Carson City, connecting to the transcontinental route at Reno, 25 miles north.
The Morning Appeal and the Carson City News are published daily (Clay Morrison recently purchased the Carson City News).
The Volunteer Fire Brigade probably numbers somewhere between 15 and 50 members, with various levels of commitment and training.
Using 1930 standards for policing (based on Boston and NYC), the Carson City Police will number about 3 men; another 3 men will make up the Ormsby County Sheriff's Office. The Sheriff's Mounted Patrol -- 15 or 20 men owning their own horses and guns -- is mostly employed looking for lost persons in bad weather, or chasing escapees from the state prison. The Nevada State Police are headquartered here also.
The Stewart Carson Indian Agency is located a few miles south of town. The local Indians are of the Paiute tribe.
Clay Morrison’s house
Broadcasting
The only commercial radio stations in Nevada are KOH and KGNV, both based in Reno; there are a few very low power semi-amateur other stations.
KOH has been broadcasting for just over one year, and is an NBC affiliate (Red Network). Their 250 watt signal is found at 1370 kHz; they currently broadcast from the Blanch Field Airport near Reno. In April of 1931, KOH will be bought by the McClatchy News organization (best known for owning the Sacramento Bee) and move to new downtown Reno studios (they will also boost their signal to 500 watts, and move to 1380 kHz). The station has about seven employees.
KGNV began broadcasting on November 1st (three days before the election), and is a CBS affiliate. The station broadcasts at 1450 kHz, with a power of 500 watts. The installation of the station’s RCA transmitters and antenna was overseen by James Kirk, an engineer from Los Angeles. Station manager is Frank Brioli, an electrical engineer who also is the Reno Zenith dealer. The station’s motto: “The Voice of Nevada”. Studios and offices are located on the third floor of the Majestic Theater, on North Virginia Street in Reno. Cost for the equipment was about $10,000; other set-up costs (studio and office construction and outfitting, vehicle, etc.) come to another $10,000; annual expenses are about $50,000. Besides the manager, there are a couple of engineers, three announcers/reporters, a program director, and a secretary/book-keeper. The station owns a couple of 25 watt remote transmitters, one mounted in a KGNV truck with a roof platform.
Much of the expense of running a station comes from the AT&T rate policy for connecting to the networks -- stations west of St. Louis pay notably higher fees. Then there are prohibitive ASCAP fees for playing recorded music, which is a reason to hire live musicians for some shows (though of course the musician’s union has many annoying rules also). The station has a 7 person ‘orchestra’ it can call upon; but when advertisers want a local show, they usually must provide their own performers. The station spends about $150 per day for rent, utilities, musicians, and general operating expenses. The use of a ‘remote’ for a broadcast costs $35 to the sponsor, plus air time.
The rate structure: 9 - 12 am: $8 per hour; 12 - 3 pm: $10 per hour; 3 - 6 pm: $12 per hour; 6 - 8 pm: $18 per hour; 8 - 11 pm: $28 per hour; 11 - midnight: $18 per hour which results in (if we sell all of our time) about $228 per day of advertising revenue. However, various non-profit periods (religious broadcasting, public service items, etc.) will probably reduce the potential daily revenue by about $18. Gross profit is thus about $60 per day if we sell all of our ad space. One year’s profit would be about $21,900 ... call it $20,000 after taxes, fees, charity contributions, etc.
Nevada Politics
Nevada's (only, at-large) Congressman in the 71st Congress was Samuel S. Arentz, a Republican from Simpson, Nev.; he is historically re-elected November, 1930 for another 2 year term in the 72nd Congress, but goes down in flames after the bank failures of the early thirties and is not re-elected.
Nevada's U.S. Senators are Key Pittman (till March 1935), a Democrat from Tonopah [historically, he was a U.S. Senator from 1913 till 1940, dying in office], and Tasker L. Oddie (till March 1933), a Republican from Reno [historically, a U.S. Senator from 1921 till 1933].
The Republican state committee in Nevada is chaired by Noble H. Getchel, of Reno, and Mrs. M. K. Toohey, of Reno. One of their major backers is George Wingfield, Sr., who owns many of the banks in the state.
The Democratic state committee in Nevada is chaired by Col. J. G. Scrugham (c/o the Nevada State Journal, and Governor 1923-27), vice-chair Mrs. J. B. Jensen, of Blair. There is also a Nevada Young Democrats Club.
Governor of Nevada elected Nov. 1930 is Fred D. Balzar, a Republican. His 4 year term begins January 1931 (same time as the new legislature meets in Carson City).
The most important patronage appointment in Nevada is the prison warden. Also appointed are the captain of the Nevada State Police, the state bank examiner, and the state fish and game commissioners. Other important bodies: the U.S. Reclamation Service (the Federal agency interested in building irrigation projects) and the Colorado River Commission (the multi-state agency working on Boulder Dam ideas).
More information on Clay's opponent, Sam Arentz:
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Samuel Shaw Arentz
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A Republican residing near Simpson. Born in Chicago, Cook County, Ill., January 8, 1879; attended the public and high schools; was graduated from the Chicago Manual Training School in 1897 and from the South Dakota School of Mines at Rapid City in 1904; member of the South Dakota National Guard at Rapid City 1901-1904; moved to Ludering, Lyon County, Nev., in 1907, and to Salt Lake City, Utah, in 1912, and was engaged as surveyor, assessor, miner, and timberman in Bear Gulch and Butte, Mont., Bingham Canyon and Stockton, Utah, and the Lake Superior copper country; mining engineer and superintendent of mines in Idaho, Utah, Arizona, and Nevada; chief engineer of railway companies in Nevada; consulting engineer of the United States Bureau of Mines; captain of Engineers, United States Army, during the First World War; moved to a ranch in Lyon County, Nev., near Simpson, in 1917; also engaged in mining and irrigation projects; elected as a Republican for Nevada-at-large to the Sixty-seventh Congress (March 4, 1921-March 3, 1923); was not a candidate for renomination but was an unsuccessful candidate in the 1922 primary election for the Republican nomination for United States Senator; elected to the Sixty-ninth and to the three succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1925-March 3, 1933); unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1932 to the Seventy-third Congress; delegate to the Republican National Conventions in 1928 and 1932; again engaged as a rancher near Simpson; also resumed mining activities in Nevada and Utah; died in Reno, Washoe County, Nev., where he had gone to receive medical treatment, on June 17, 1934; interment in Masonic Memorial Gardens, Reno, Nev.
Arentz is presumably a Mason considering where he was buried. Arentz had many mining contacts with Herbert Hoover (both were engineers) and acted as host when Hoover visited the family's mining interests in the West.
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The major backer of Arentz is George Wingfield:
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George Wingfield Sr.
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Born 1876. Came to Nevada as a cowboy during the 1890s, got involved with mining, made lots of money, and now owns many (most?) of the banks in the state. He is sometimes described as the ‘owner and operator of the state of Nevada’, and is behind much of Republican politics in the state. His influence historically disappears for a while in the early thirties when most of his banks fail, and the candidates which he backs in 1932 are all thoroughly trounced by an unhappy electorate. Wingfield’s former personal lawyer, Frank Norcross, is now (1930) a U.S. District Judge for Nevada. Other Wingfield events in this period:
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1920's: George Wingfield became active in Republican national politics, invested in banks, fuel refining, bonding company, road construction companies, and numerous other fields
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1927: Reno Securities Co. built Reno's most elegant hotel, the Riverside
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1927: the Cole-Malley embezzlement of over $500,000 from State of Nevada revealed, Wingfield's cashier at the Carson Valley Bank was implicated; George Wingfield personally deposited the full amount of the defalcation until matters could be sorted out
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1928: George Wingfield elected as regent for the University of Nevada; Cole-Malley case settled by special session of state legislature; Wingfield paid 1/3 of the loss, state tax rates had to be raised to cover the remaining share; case engendered much public comment and resentment of George Wingfield
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1929: George Wingfield and Maude Murdoch Wingfield divorced
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1930's: livestock industry entered depression due to falling prices, drought conditions
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1930: George Wingfield married Roxy Thomas
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1932: George Wingfield's chain of banks collapsed after flagship Reno National Bank (now the Reno Planet Hollywood!) was unable to repay RFC loans; political opposition to Wingfield, and suspicion about bank failures, defeated attempts to reorganize and reopen the banks.
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Interesting tidbits about U.S. Senator Key Pittman, Nevada's senior Democrat:
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Key Pittman
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Democrat of Tonopah, Nye County, Nev. Born in Vicksburg, Warren County, Miss., September 19, 1872; educated by private tutors and at the Southwestern Presbyterian University, Clarksville, Tenn.; studied law; was admitted to the bar in 1892 and commenced practice in Seattle, Wash.; joined in the gold rush to Klondike, Alaska, in 1897 and worked as a miner until 1901; practiced law in Alaska; moved to the silver boom-town of Tonopah, Nev., in 1902 and continued the practice of law; appointed to represent the State of Nevada at the St. Louis Exposition, the Lewis and Clark Exposition, and the irrigation congress; unsuccessful Democratic candidate for election to the United States Senate in 1910; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate in 1913 (by a margin of only 89 votes!) to fill the vacancy caused by the death of George S. Nixon; reelected in 1916, 1922, 1928, and 1934 and served from January 29, 1913, until his death in 1940; delegate to the Democratic National Convention from Nevada in 1916, 1924, 1928; had been reelected in 1940 for the term beginning January 3, 1941; served as President pro tempore of the United States Senate during the Seventy-third through Seventy-sixth Congresses; chairman, Committee on Territories (Sixty-third through Sixty-fifth Congresses), Committee on Industrial Expositions (Sixty-sixth Congress), Committee on Foreign Relations (Seventy-third through Seventy-sixth Congresses); died in Reno, Nev., November 10, 1940, and entombed in mausoleum at Masonic Memorial Gardens, Reno. Nev. [another Mason!]
Senator Pittman is a strong supporter of women's rights, and is described by several sources as “rarely sober.” His doctor is ‘Bart’ Hood. While visiting Senator Pittman in distant Tonopah, stay at the charming Mizpah Hotel -- Tonopah’s finest! The hotel claims to have been founded by Wyatt Earp, and also claims that Jack Dempsey was a bouncer here. Senator Pittman has a wife, Mimosa, and a brother, Key Pittman
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Vail Montgomery Pittman
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Born September 17, 1883, died (historically) in 1964. Democrat. Lt. Governor of Nevada, elected 1942; candidate in primary for U.S. Senator from Nevada, 1944; Governor of Nevada, 1945-51. Died January 29, 1964. Buried at Masonic Memorial Gardens, Reno, Nev. [he was thus apparently also a Mason].
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The chairman of the state Democratic committee, Jim Scrugham, becomes Nevada's Congressman in 1933 historically. Scrugham was one of the major backers of the Boulder Dam project -- which contributed to his loss of the governor's chair back in 1927. He's presumably the person Clay had to convince "I can beat Arentz".
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Colonel James Graves Scrugham
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A Representative and a Senator from Nevada; born in Lexington, Fayette County, Ky., January 19, 1880; attended the public schools and graduated from the engineering department of the University of Kentucky at Lexington in 1906; served in an engineering capacity successively in Cincinnati, Ohio, Chicago, Ill., and San Francisco, Calif.; professor of mechanical engineering, Engineering College, University of Nevada, at Reno, 1903-1914 and dean 1914-1917; commissioned as a major in the United States Army in 1917 and was promoted to the rank of lieutenant colonel in 1918; State engineer of Nevada 1917-1923; State public service commissioner 1919-1923; Governor of Nevada 1923-1927; editor and publisher of the Nevada State Journal 1927-1932; special adviser to the Secretary of the Interior on Colorado River development projects in 1927; elected as a Democrat to the Seventy-third and to the four succeeding Congresses and served from March 4, 1933, to December 7, 1942, when he resigned to become a Senator; elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate on November 3, 1942, to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Key Pittman for the term ending January 3, 1947, and served from December 7, 1942, until his death at the United States Naval Hospital in San Diego, Calif., June 23, 1945; interment in Masonic Memorial Gardens, Reno, Nev.
Col. Scrugham is thus apparently also a Mason. He has a wife, Julia, and two children -- James Jr. (age about 25) and Martha (age about 22).
Here's a web site with lots of political history relating to Nevada in the Twenties and Thirties, especially concerning Col. Scrugham: http://www.1st100.com/part1/scrugham.html
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Campaign for Congress
Clay Morrison will be running as a Democrat for Nevada’s seat in the House of Representatives. The themes and planks of his platform will be more or less as follows:
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Republicans got the country into an economic mess.
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The Republican candidates are backed by the big money bankers.
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Silver made this country great, and should remain the basis of our currency.
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Prohibition was a bad idea, and should be repealed.
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Gambling and quick divorces are good for Nevada, and don’t really hurt anyone.
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The women’s vote and women’s rights have been good for American, and are strong traditions in the West.
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Massive irrigation projects (such as Boulder Dam) will enrich the entire West, and deserve Federal support.
Qualifications:
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Clay Morrison has been a resident of Nevada longer than most of the voters have (34 years).
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Clay Morrison served his country in the Spanish-American war, seeing action as a sergeant with the Rough Riders at San Juan Hill and other actions. He served for 21 years with the Nevada State Militia, with the final rank of Major upon retirement. One of his brothers was killed in the Civil War. [“Teddy Roosevelt were our last worthwhile Republican president.”]
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He has spent a dozen years in law enforcement in some of the roughest parts of the Old West, and was a Deputy United States Marshal for the Montana territory.
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Clay Morrison has held many offices of public trust in Ormsby County and Carson City, and has sat upon numerous commissions, boards, and panels.
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The Mortimer Mine near Carson City was the crowning achievement of Clay Morrison’s mining career; over twenty million dollars worth of silver was extracted from the mine over a period of twelve years. He is an experienced and respected mining engineer, who learned the trade from the bottom up.
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Clay is a member of the Fraternal Order of Eagles, Eyrie 1006.
Advantages:
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Clay is actually fairly well off by Nevada standards.
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He owns the Carson City News, and radio station KGNV in Reno (established Nov. 1930); also Col. Scrugham’s newspaper will presumably back him. As far as I can tell, the other station (KOH) runs almost exclusively network programming.
Clay will set up his campaign offices in the Riverside Hotel, in Reno. He will hire a campaign manager (probably a newspaper editor or some other kind of journalist), who will in turn hire other workers and coordinate volunteers.
Election Timeline
-- Aug. 15: Clay returns from the final Puente del Puerto mission.
-- Aug. 18: Clay sets up his campaign office in the Riverside Hotel in Reno.
-- Aug. 20: Clay visits Elko to make speeches and get out the vote.
-- Aug. 22: Clay visits Ely to make speeches and get out the vote.
-- Aug. 24: Clay visits Tonopah to make speeches and get out the vote.
-- Aug. 26: Clay visits Las Vegas to make speeches and get out the vote.
-- Aug. 27 - Aug. 28: Clay returns to Reno via Tonopah, Hawthorne.
-- Aug. 29: Clay begins making speeches and such in the Reno-Sparks area again.
-- Sep. 1: Clay returns to Carson City.
-- Sep. 2: the Nevada primary election is held. The successful nominees for major offices in the primary are:
Democrat nominees:
Governor: Charles L. Richard
U. S. Congress: Clay A. Morrison
Republican nominees:
Governor: Fred. B. Balzar
U.S. Congress: Samuel J. Arentz
-- Sep. 4: Clay travels to Reno for more campaigning.
-- Sep. 10: Clay receives FCC license for KGNV, has 30 days to begin broadcasting.
-- Sep. 11: Clay returns to Carson City, and sends letters to Nohau, Wentworth, Blackhorse, and Scott.
-- Sep. 12: Clay travels to Reno for more campaigning, and to see the KGNV station being set up.
-- Sep. 19: Clay returns to Carson City.
-- Sep. 20: arrival of Dr. Scott at Carson City.
-- Sep. 24: arrival of Miss Wentworth at Carson City.
-- Sep. 25: arrival of Blackhorse at Carson City.
-- Sep. 30: arrival of Mr. Nohau at Carson City.
-- Oct. 1: we visit the Museum of Un-natural History.
-- Oct. 2: Clay, Scott, Wentworth, Nohau, Blackhorse leave Carson City for Big Timber
-- Oct. 5: all arrive Big Timber; Wentworth on to Helena, Nohau to Crow Agency
-- Oct. 6: find out about Caleb Johnson (Mormon 'researcher'), who arrived in August.
-- Oct. 8: team leaves for Ott's ranch; there we meet Josiah Johnson, Samuel Hawkins
-- Oct. 9: shoot a 'Carker', tense meeting with Caleb Johnson
That's the end of my written notes from the run (things got busy). I THINK the rest went like (please let me know if you have dates for the stuff after October 9th different from my guess below):
-- Oct. 10: the big 'Carker' confrontation; Nohau does his Kateka-thing; appearance of the Queen Carker(s); trouble for Johnson's party. Time to go ...
-- Oct. 12: back in Big Timber, warn the locals and Indians
-- Oct. 13: depart Big Timber
-- Oct. 16: Clay back in Carson City.
-- Oct. 18: to Reno-Sparks area for speeches and such
-- Oct. 20: leave for Elko, with stops at Winnemucca and other little towns along the way.
-- Oct. 21: campaign in Elko.
-- Oct. 23: travel from Elko to Ely.
-- Oct. 24: campaign in Ely.
-- Oct. 25: travel from Ely to Tonopah.
-- Oct. 26: campaign for a day in Tonopah.
-- Oct. 27: travel to Las Vegas.
-- Oct. 28: campaign in Las Vegas.
-- Oct. 29 - 30: travel from Las Vegas to Carson City, with short stops at Tonopah and Hawthorne.
-- Oct. 31: campaign in Carson City.
-- Nov. 1: move to Reno, campaign, attend first day of KGNV broadcasting.
-- Nov. 2 - 3: campaign in Reno-Sparks area.
-- Nov. 4: Election Day. Clay travels to Carson City in the morning to cast his vote, and returns to Reno for the evening announcement of results.
-- Nov. 6: Clay returns to Carson City.
-- Dec. 28: Clay Morrison leaves for Washington, D.C.
-- Jan 2, 1931: Clay Morrison arrives in Washington, D.C.
-- Mar. 4, 1931: The term of new members of the 72nd Congress begins.
-- Dec. 7, 1931: The first session of the 72nd Congress begins.
In the general election (on November 4, 1930), it went as follows historically:
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Congressional Representative [the position Clay was running for]:
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Samuel J. Arentz, Rep. .... 18,279 votes (won by 2,936 votes) lost with only about 13,000 votes against Clay Morrison
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M. J. Sullivan, Dem. .... 15,343 Clay won with over 20,000 votes
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Governor:
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Fred B. Balzar, Rep. .... 18,442
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C.L. Richards, Dem ..... 16,192
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Lt. Governor: Archie Cross, Dem.
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Secretary of State: W. G. Greathouse, Dem.
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State Controller: Ed. C. Peterson, Rep.
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Attorney General: Gray Mashburn, Dem.
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Supt. State Printing: Joe Farnsworth, Dem.
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Inspector of Mines: Andy Stinson, Rep.
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Surveyor General: Thomas A. Lotz, Rep.
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Supt. Public Instruction: W. W. Anderson
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Justice of Supreme Court: E. A. Ducker
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Clerk of Supreme Court: Eva Hatton, Rep.
The House of Representatives
The 72nd Congress (beginning after the Nov. 1930 elections, that is) was historically:
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48 Republicans, 47 Democrats, 1 Independent in the Senate (a loss of 7 seats by the Republicans from the 71st Congress)
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218 Republicans, 216 Democrats, 1 Independent in the House of Reps. (a loss of 50 seats by the Republicans from the 71st Congress)
The House Standing Committees are: Agriculture & Forestry, Appropriations, Banking & Currency, Budget, Census, Civil Service, Claims, Coinage Wieghts and Measures, Commerce, Education, Elections, Expenditure in the Executive Department, Flood Control, Foreign Affairs, Immigration & Naturalization, Indian Affairs, Interior, Insular Affairs, Irrigation & Reclamation, Judiciary, Labor, the Library, Memorials, Merchant Marine & Fisheries, Military Affairs, Mines & Mining, Naval Affairs, Patents, Pensions, Post Office, Printing, Public Lands, Public Works, Revision of Laws, Roads, Rules, Territories, Veterans’ Affairs, War Claims, Ways and Means.
With the loss of a Republican (Sam Arentz), Clay was able to use his independence from the national Democratic Party to gain a seat on the Judiciary committee.
Clay's Arsenal
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2000 sets of M1903 Springfield rifles, with slings, cleaning kits, khaki web cartridge belts
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200,000 rounds of .30-06 rifle cartridges
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6 Hotchkiss 37mm revolver cannons, with 60 ten-round magazines; 43 rpm to 2000 yards
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5000 rounds of 37mm shell and canister ammo
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2 Hotchkiss 12 pdr. mountain guns and limber
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3700 rounds of various 12 pdr. ammo
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500 wedge tents
Clay's Railway Equipment
Mostly bought during the receivership auction of the Nevada Copper Belt Railroad Co. back in 1929.
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3 oil fired steam road locomotives, 2-8-0
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1 oil fired steam tank switcher, 0-6-0
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3 combine (baggage-passenger) coaches
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3 passenger coaches
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20 various freight cars (flats, gondolas, boxcars, stock cars)
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20 hopper cars
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2 track inspection cars
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2 hand cars
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